每個(gè)人對(duì)愛(ài)情都有不同的解讀，只有經(jīng)歷過(guò)的人才能懂，所以感覺(jué)也是不同的。但沒(méi)經(jīng)歷過(guò)的人可能會(huì)疑惑，愛(ài)情是什么樣的感覺(jué)呢？那么,下面這位演講家對(duì)愛(ài)情是如何解讀的呢?讓我們一起來(lái)看看楊達(dá)拉利奧在ted的關(guān)于愛(ài)情的演講稿吧,可能會(huì)對(duì)大家都很有幫助哦。
中文：
愛(ài)情是什么?它是一個(gè)很難定義的詞匯,因?yàn)樗�有極為廣泛的應(yīng)用。我可以喜愛(ài)慢跑,我可以愛(ài)一本書(shū)、一部電影,我可以愛(ài)吃肉排,我可以愛(ài)我的妻子。
但這愛(ài)存在著龐大的區(qū)別,比如說(shuō),我對(duì)肉排之愛(ài)與對(duì)我妻子的愛(ài),便有顯著不同。也就是說(shuō),如果我珍視肉排的話,肉排,相反地,卻不會(huì)珍視我。然而我的妻子呢,她喚我為她生命中的星星。
因此,只有一種他人的欲望意識(shí)才能夠?qū)⑽乙暈橐粋�(gè)得以被欲望的個(gè)體。我知道這一點(diǎn),這就是為什么我們可以更準(zhǔn)確地把愛(ài)情定義為“被欲望中的欲望”。于是,這關(guān)于愛(ài)的永恒難題即為:如何使自己被欲望?如何使自己持續(xù)地被欲望?
過(guò)去,一個(gè)個(gè)體往往透過(guò)將自己的生命交由群體規(guī)范來(lái)尋求這問(wèn)題的解答。你可以根據(jù)你的性別、年齡,和社會(huì)地位,來(lái)扮演某種特定角色。而且你只需要扮演好那角色即可獲得整個(gè)社群的愛(ài)與重視。想想那個(gè)必須在婚前保持貞潔的年輕女子,想想那個(gè)必須服從長(zhǎng)子的那最小兒子,而那長(zhǎng)子又必須服從家族長(zhǎng)輩。
但一種始于13世紀(jì),主要是在西方文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的現(xiàn)象造成了人類歷史上最嚴(yán)重的身份危機(jī)。這現(xiàn)象就是現(xiàn)代性。我們基本上可以通過(guò)三種過(guò)程來(lái)總結(jié)它:首先是,一個(gè)理性化的科學(xué)研究過(guò)程,它加快了科技的進(jìn)步。接著,一個(gè)政治的民主化進(jìn)程促進(jìn)了個(gè)人的權(quán)利。最后出現(xiàn)的是經(jīng)濟(jì)生產(chǎn)與貿(mào)易自由化的理性進(jìn)程。
這三個(gè)相互交織的過(guò)程完全推倒了西方社會(huì)的所有傳統(tǒng)根基,并對(duì)個(gè)人生活造成巨變。現(xiàn)在,個(gè)人可以自由地珍愛(ài)或蔑視任何態(tài)度、任何選擇、任何事物;但結(jié)果是,他們自己同樣也面對(duì)了他人的自由,他人用來(lái)珍視或貶低他們的自由。換句話說(shuō),這曾經(jīng)透過(guò)將自己提交給傳統(tǒng)權(quán)威而確保了的自我價(jià)值現(xiàn)在卻被投諸于股票交易所,任人估量。
在個(gè)人欲望的自由市場(chǎng)中,我每天都在商議我的個(gè)體價(jià)值。因此,這造成了當(dāng)代人的焦慮。他/她總是癡迷于:“我是否可欲?如何可欲?有多少人會(huì)愛(ài)我?”他/她得如何回應(yīng)這種焦慮呢?嗯,通過(guò)歇斯底里地收集可欲的象征。
我把這種與他人一塊兒的收集性的行為稱作“誘惑資本”。事實(shí)上,我們的消費(fèi)社會(huì)很大程度上是建基于誘惑資本之上的。關(guān)于這種消費(fèi)性質(zhì),有人聲稱我們的時(shí)代是唯物主義的。但這不是真的!我們收藏事物,僅僅只是為了與其他心靈交流!我們這么做,是為了使他們喜歡我們,是為了引誘他人!沒(méi)有什么還要比讓一個(gè)青少年買新牛仔褲然后撕到膝蓋邊更要非物質(zhì)主義,或更令人感傷了,因?yàn)樗�想要博得珍妮佛的青睞。消費(fèi)主義不是物質(zhì)主義。它卻是那些以愛(ài)神之名犧牲了的或生吞活剝了的一切,或者,不如說(shuō)是,以誘惑資本的名義。
根據(jù)這種對(duì)于當(dāng)代愛(ài)情的觀察,我們?cè)撊绾嗡伎嘉磥?lái)的愛(ài)情呢?我們可以想象兩種假設(shè):第一個(gè)是由賭注組成的,這賭注將加深自戀的資本化過(guò)程。很難說(shuō)這深化過(guò)程會(huì)采取怎樣的形式,因?yàn)樗�很大程度上取決于社會(huì)與科技的創(chuàng)新,這是難以預(yù)測(cè)的。但我們?nèi)匀豢梢栽囍�想象一種約會(huì)網(wǎng)站,一種有點(diǎn)類似績(jī)點(diǎn)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)促銷的方案,使用誘惑資本點(diǎn)數(shù),這點(diǎn)數(shù)會(huì)根據(jù)我的某些特質(zhì)而變化,比如年齡、身高體重比例、學(xué)歷、薪水、或我網(wǎng)上檔案的點(diǎn)擊量。我們也可以想象一種對(duì)于分手的化學(xué)治療療程,這種療程可以緩解戀愛(ài)情愫。
此外順帶一提,現(xiàn)在在MTV上已經(jīng)有了一種類似的節(jié)目了,在那節(jié)目中,誘惑教師將心痛視為一種疾病來(lái)治療。這些教師自稱“把妹達(dá)人(pick-upartists)”。“(Artist)藝術(shù)家”在法語(yǔ)中意味著“表演藝術(shù)家(artiste)”。“Pick-up”意指是勾搭但不是隨便勾搭——必須勾搭最靚的。所以他們都是勾搭靚妹的表演藝術(shù)家。(笑聲)他們稱心痛為“真命天女癥(one-itis)”,在英語(yǔ)中,“itis”是“(infection)感染”的字尾,我們可以把one-itis譯為“被那一人感染”。它是有點(diǎn)惡心啦。事實(shí)上,對(duì)那些“把妹達(dá)人”來(lái)說(shuō),愛(ài)上一個(gè)人是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間,它浪費(fèi)你的誘惑資本。因此,它必須被根治,就像一種疾病,彷佛發(fā)炎一般。我們還可以設(shè)想一種擁有浪漫用途的基因組。每個(gè)人都會(huì)到處拿著它,就像一張名片一樣到處發(fā),來(lái)查明是否誘惑可以進(jìn)階到繁殖。
當(dāng)然,這場(chǎng)誘惑的競(jìng)賽,如同每項(xiàng)激烈賽事,將創(chuàng)造出關(guān)于自戀滿意度的巨大不平等,于是它也會(huì)產(chǎn)生許多孤單與失落。因此,我們可以預(yù)想的是,現(xiàn)代性本身這個(gè)誘惑資本的來(lái)源,會(huì)被許多人質(zhì)疑。我想到的某種特別的反應(yīng),即為新法西斯主義社群或宗教社群。但我們并不一定要擁有這種未來(lái)。
我們可以思索另一種關(guān)于愛(ài)情的可能性路徑。但如何思索呢?如何放棄進(jìn)行歇斯底里地估價(jià)的需要?嗯,這個(gè)嘛,意識(shí)到我自己的一無(wú)是處,即可。是的,一無(wú)是處,我很沒(méi)用。但請(qǐng)放心:你們也是。
我們都是沒(méi)用的。這種無(wú)用性是很容易證明的,因?yàn)?為了要尋求珍視,我需要另一半來(lái)欲望我,這顯示了,我自身其實(shí)并不具有任何價(jià)值。我沒(méi)有任何固有的價(jià)值。我們都假裝有偶像;我們都假裝自己是別人的偶像,但實(shí)際上我們個(gè)個(gè)都是濫竽充數(shù)之人,有點(diǎn)像街上的路人,他們?nèi)�都表現(xiàn)出冷漠的樣子,雖然他實(shí)際上已預(yù)期,并且算計(jì)出所有的目光都會(huì)朝向他。
我覺(jué)得,越來(lái)越意識(shí)到這種一般的冒用性,這樣的憂慮就得以緩解我們的戀愛(ài)關(guān)系。因?yàn)?我想要從頭到腳地被愛(ài),捍衛(wèi)我每一個(gè)選擇,那誘惑的歇斯底里存在著。因此,我想要看起來(lái)完美,以讓他人可以愛(ài)我。我希望他們能夠完美,這樣我就可以確定我的價(jià)值。它會(huì)導(dǎo)致情人們沉迷于績(jī)效,誰(shuí)會(huì)像以前那樣以績(jī)效不好的結(jié)果分手呢。
相對(duì)于這種態(tài)度,我呼吁,用溫柔——溫柔的愛(ài)。什么是溫柔?溫柔意謂著去接受你愛(ài)人的弱點(diǎn)。它非關(guān)成為某種悲涼的伴侶照護(hù)者喲。它沒(méi)那么糟。相反地,在溫柔中,存在著許多魅力和幸福。我特別想到一種幽默,這種幽默,很不幸地,尚未得到充分利用。它是一種蓄意的尷尬詩(shī)歌。
我指的是自嘲。對(duì)于那些由傳統(tǒng)約束的、無(wú)以為繼的伴侶們,我相信自嘲是得以忍受彼此關(guān)系的最佳途徑之一。
譯文:
What is love? It is a word that is difficult to define, because it has the extremely widespread application. I can love jogging, I can love a book, a movie, I can love to eat steak, I can love my wife.
But this love is a huge difference, for example, I love the steak with love to my wife, there is significant different. That is to say, if I cherish chops, steak, on the contrary, do not cherish me. However, my wife, she calls for her star in my life.
Therefore, only a sense of other people's desire to see me as a desire to be individual. I know this, that's why we can love more accurately defined as "desire of desire". So the eternal difficult problem about love is: how to make myself be desire? How to make oneself are continually desire?
In the past, an individual often through their lives to the group norms to seek the answer of the question. You can according to your gender, age, and social status, to play a certain role. And you only need to play that role for the whole community of love and attention. Consider that must maintain a virtuous young woman before marriage, think about that must obey the eldest son of the youngest son, and the eldest son must obey family elders.
But a kind of from the 13th century, mainly in the western Renaissance phenomenon caused by one of the most serious identity crisis in human history. This phenomenon is the modernity. We basically can be summarized by three processes: it is first and foremost, a rational scientific research process, it accelerated the progress of science and technology. Then, a political democratization process to promote the rights of individuals. Finally is the production and the rational process of trade liberalization.
The process of the three intertwined over all the traditional foundation of the western society, and cause changes to the personal life. Now, people are free to cherish or despise any manner, any choice, any things; But as a result, they are also faced with the freedom of others, others to cherish or belittle their freedom. In other words, it was through their submitted to traditional authority and ensures that the self value is now being cast on the stock exchange, allow to measure.
In the personal desire of the free market, I consulted my individual value every day. Therefore, this causes the modern people's anxiety. He/she always obsessed with: "how can I desire? To? How many people will love me?" How is he/she respond to this anxiety? Well, through collecting hysterically can be the symbol of desire.
I put this together with others of collection of sexual behavior is called "temptation capital". In fact, our consumer society is largely based on the temptation of capital. About the nature of consumption, someone claims that our age is materialism. But that's not true! We collect things, just in order to communicate with other heart! We do so, it is to make them like us, to entice others! There is nothing more than to let a young people to buy a new jeans and then to tear by the side of the knee more to the materialism, or more sad, because he wants to win the favour of Jennifer. Consumerism is not a materialist. It was sacrificed in the name of the goddess or all alive, or, rather, in the name of the temptation of capital.
According to this observation on contemporary love, how do we think about the future of love? We can imagine two hypotheses: the first one is composed of a bet, the bet will deepen the capitalization process of narcissism. It's hard to tell what form will be taken, the deepening process because it largely depends on the society and the innovation of science and technology, it is difficult to predict. But we can still try to imagine a dating site, a similar performance bonus promotion plan, use lure capital points, the points according to some of my qualities, such as age, height, body weight ratio, educational background, salary, or I online file. We can also imagine a for chemical treatment of break up, this course can alleviate the love feeling.
And by the way, is now in the hands of the MTV already has a similar program, in the program, heartache is regarded as a kind of disease to treat temptation to teachers. These teachers who "put's (pick - upartists)". "(Artist) Artist" in French means "performance Artist (artiste)". "Pick - up" means is up but not solicit - have to hook up with the most beautiful. So they are carrying jing younger sister performing artists. (laughter.) they called heartache "destiny's child syndrome (one - itis)", in English, "itis" is a word "(infection) infection", we can put one - itis translated as "infection" by the people. It is just a little bit sick. In fact, for those who "the younger sister's got talent", fall in love with a person is a waste of time, it is a waste of your capital. Therefore, it must be cured, is like a disease, like inflammation. We can also imagine a genome with romantic purposes. Everyone can take it everywhere, just like a name card everywhere, to find out whether the temptation can be advanced to reproduction.
The temptation of competition, of course, like every fierce competition, will create a huge inequalities about narcissistic satisfaction, so it will produce many lonely and lost. Therefore, we can be expected that modernity itself the temptation of capital source, will be questioned by many people. I think of a particular reaction, that is, for the new fascism community or religious community. But we don't have to have this in the future.
We can think about another path about the possibility of love. But how do you think? How to give up hysterically valuation needs? Well, well, aware of my own nothing, only can. Yes, nothing, I am useless. But please rest assured: you, too.
We are all useless. The futility of it can be easily proved that nothing is because, in order to seek to value, I need the other half to my desire, this shows, I don't really have any value. I don't have any inherent value. We pretend to have idols; We are pretending to be idols for others, but in fact we are all of others, a bit like the passers-by in the street, they all show the appearance of indifference, although he actually have expectations, and calculated that all eyes will be on him.
I think, more and more aware of the general use, such worries are easing our relationship. Because, I want to be love from head to foot, defending my every choice, the temptation of hysteria. So, I want to look perfect, so that others may love me. I hope they can perfect, so I can determine the value of I. Addicted to performance, it can lead to lovers who would like to break up the results of the performance is not good in that way before.
Relative to this attitude, I called for, with soft, tender love. What is the tender? Tender means to accept the weaknesses of your beloved. It's not be a sad companion caregivers yo. Its not so bad. On the contrary, in the tender, there are a lot of charm and happiness. In particular, I think a sense of humor, humor, unfortunately, has not been fully taken advantage of. It is a deliberate the embarrassment of poetry.
I mean the self-mockery. For those from the traditional constraints, die couples, I believe self-mockery is one of the best ways to endure their relations with each other.
「標(biāo)簽: ted演講稿」